This humble effort is dedicated to my friends who have always been a source of courage for me.

Sajjad Ahmed

0302-5691153

sajjadepoint@Yahoo.com

List of Contents

Subjective Type of Paper

1)	Answers To The Questions	2
2)	Translation of Text	12
3)	Summaries	19
4)	Pair of words	26
5)	Urdu to English Translation	32
6)	Direct Indirect Narration	20
7)	Important Essays	29

Objective Type Of Paper

	Uses of verb	37
	Learning spellings	40
	Part speech	41
	Important Definition	48

Answers To The Questions

UNIT 1

HAZRAT MUHAMMAD (PBUH)

AN EMBODIMENT OF JUSTICE

Q1:How can people achieve perfection in the moral, spiritual and social areas of life?

ANS: Hazrat Muhammad’s ﷺ life is a perfect model and example for the people who want to achieve perfection in the moral, spiritual, and social areas of life.

Q2: How did the Holy Prophet ﷺ set a high and noble ideals for all mankind?

ANS: He set the high noble ideals for mankind because

a) He always treated everybody with justice.
b) He (PBUH) liked for others what he liked for himself.

Q3:How were People of Makkha convinced of the Holy Prophet’s ﷺ justice even before his prophet hood?

ANS: People of Makah were convinced of the Holy Prophet’s ﷺ justice because all of his life Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ judged other people’s affair with justice.

Q4:What standards of justice did Holy Prophet ﷺ as head of the state of Madinah?

ANS: As a head of the state of Medina he decided all cases on merit .

Q5:What made non-Muslims bring their suits to the Holy Prophet ﷺ?

ANS: Because,

a) He (PBUH) judged all the cases on merit.
b) He (PBUH) decided cases in accordance with their law.

Q6: How does the Quran describe the personality of Holy Prophet ﷺ?

ANS: Quran says,

“We have indeed in the Messenger of God, a good example (of conduct) for anyone whose hope is in Lord and the final day”.

Q7: Why did Quraish think that the Holy Prophet would favor them?

ANS: Quraish think that Usama Bin Zahid’s request will surely be accepted.

Q8: What advice did the Holy prophet give to Hazrat Ali?

ANS: Holy Prophet advised him “When two men come to you for Judgment, never decide in favorer of one without hearing the argument of other”.

UNIT 2

CHINESE NEW YEAR

Q1: When does Chinese New Year start?

ANS: Chinese New Year may fall between January 21st and February 20th

Q2: Why do Chinese families do thorough cleaning of their houses before New Year’s day?

ANS: They clean the house to clear out the bad luck.

Q3: Which colour is not allowed and which colour is encouraged on Chinese New year?

Why?

ANS: Black is not allowed and red is encouraged.

Q5: What is the significance of New Year’s Eve Dinner?

ANS: It has ritual and customary importance. Friends and relatives come to attend dinner.

Q6: What do the little red envelopes filled with money symbolize?

ANS: These envelopes are filled with money symbolizes wealth and prosperity.

Q7: What is the importance of Chinese New Year for Chinese families?

ANS: It has much importance because it is to give thanks for the year that has passed and

reinvigorate themselves for the coming year.

Q8: Why is Chinese new year never on the same day each year?

ANS: Chinese new year based on the phases of the moon. Lunar month have no fixed dates.

Q9: Why does the dinner consist of eight or nine dishes?

ANS: Because, the word “eight” means prosperity and “nine” means “long lasting”

Q10: In Chinese belief about people having character traits of animals a fact or an opinion?

ANS: It is an opinion not a fact?

UNIT 4

FIRST AID

Q1: You should not keep checking if the bleeding has stopped? Why?

ANS: Because,

a) This may damage the clot.
b) Bleeding may start again.

Q2: Why is it necessary to keep away soap from the wound?

ANS: Because, soap can irritate the wound.

Q3: How is an antibiotic cream or ointment good in healing the wound?

ANS: Because, they can help body’s natural healing process work fast.

Q4: What should you do if you are allergic to adhesive material used in most bandages?

ANS: If you are allergic to the adhesive then use adhesive free bandages like elastic bandages.

Q5: When do you need to see a doctor?

ANS: See the doctor if wound is not healing or you notice redness, pain or swelling.

Q6: What should your first aid kit consist of?

ANS: A kit should have in it ;plaster, bandages, antiseptics, cotton wool, safety pins, scissors, thermometer, analgesic tablets etc.

Q7 : What is the importance of knowledge of “First Aid” in crisis management?

ANS: First aid helps to save lives of people.

UNIT 6

TELEVISION VS NEWSPAPERS

Q1: How is a newspaper more convenient medium of news?

ANS: News paper is more convenient because

Busy people may read the papers anytime, anywhere.
People can leave unwanted news.

Q2: How does a viewer get restricted while watching TV news?

ANS: Viewers get restricted because,

They have certain programs to watch.
They have to follow certain time to watch.

Q3: In what ways viewing news on TV is easier than reading a newspaper?

ANS:

a) We can have most updated news
b) We can enjoy both audio and video.

Q4: How do newspapers give us more in depth coverage?

ANS:

a) We can have time to digest the knowledge in the columns.
b) Reader can give feedback easily.
c) Reader can check validity.

Q5: Why do some people read more than one newspapers?

ANS:

a) To find different viewpoints.
b) To check validity.

Q6: How can readers give feedback to the newspaper articles?

ANS: Readers can give feedback to the articles by writing to the forum pages

Q7: Which medium do you prefer for news? Why?

ANS: I prefer newspaper because I have choice to read a news or leave it.

Q8: What is one good thing about newspaper?

ANS: The one good thing about newspapers is that you can read them at any time and place.

Q 9: How does television make us lazy?

ANS: On television, we can view news with a little or no effort. In this way, television makes us lazy.

UNIT 7

LITTLE BY LITTLE ONE WALKS FAR!

Q1: What are some distinctions of the writer?

ANS: Some distinctions are

a) Quaid-e-Azam Batch in Scouting
b) Winner of Who’s Who Quiz Program
c) Academic Excellence Award

Q2: How has the writer spent his summer vacation?

ANS: He held several summer jobs.

Q3: What has the writer from his summer jobs experiences?

ANS: He gained an understanding of independence and responsibility.

Q4: How are these experiences helpful to him in future?

ANS: These experiences are helpful to him in future because

a) He is mentally and financially prepared.
b) More mature and responsible.

Q5: What kind of student is the writer. Which of his qualities impress you?

ANS: He is hardworking, self-made, intelligent and an active student.

I found in him that he is a well rounded student .This quality really impressed me a lot.

Q 6: What does the Author want to imply by mentioning his curricular activities?

ANS: The writer wants to make us understand the importance of co- Curricular activities.

Q7: How have there job experiences made The author more mature?

ANS: The anther gained knowledge and experience from these jobs. Thus, he became more mature.

Q8: What has motivated the anther to participate so actively?

ANS: The urge for success has motivated him to practice in different activities so actively.

UNIT 9

SELECTING THE RIGHT CAREER

Q1: What were some famous careers for the young people in the past?

ANS: Medical, engineering and to become a pilot were the famous careers for the young people.

Q2: Nowadays non-traditional careers are more appealing to young minds? Why?

ANS: Young minds feeling attraction in non-traditional careers because there is money and mental peace.

Q3: What is meant by the right profession

ANS: A right profession is in which

a) Respect is given.
b) Mental peace is assured
c) Financial security is guaranteed.

Q4: Why is it important to consider the scope of any field?

ANS: Because, scope is the future and present market demand of any career.

Q5: Is there any need of proper career counseling department? Why?

ANS: Yes, there is need of proper career counseling department because they can guide youth

towards rewarding professions.

Q6: How can career counselors help the young people?

ANS: Career councilors help the young people because

a) They help to choose the career according to talents.
b) They can tell us the scope of the job.

Q7: which career do you want to opt for? give reasons.

ANS: I prefer teaching because it is most prestigious and rewarding.

Q8: In past why did people want to become a doctor, an engineer or pilot?

ANS: Because these fields were considered highly rewarding.

Q 9: Explain the phrase “profitable livelihood”

ANS: It means a profession that certainly gives profit.

Q 10: How do career councilors help you choose the right profession?

ANS: Career Counselors observe and analyze our interest and suggest Suitable careers according to our aptitude.

UNIT 10

A WORLD WITHOUT BOOKS?

Q1: How does a book connect the reader and the writer?

ANS: Book connects the reader and writer in following ways

Reader starts believing in the imagination.
Real world and imaginary world become one.

Q2: In what ways books are better than radio, TV and internet?

ANS: Books are better from radio, TV and internet because

a) The joy of touch, sound and fragrance makes books better.
b) Books never become out dated.

Q3: “it’s a slow food in a world given over to fast food” Explain.

ANS: It is slow food because it gives us the calm and peace after passing the time full of difficulties and depression.

Q4: Why should people be given more opportunity to read books?

ANS: Because,

a) They can have piece.
b) They can learn.
c) They can get guidance.

Q5: Which book has inspired you the most? Why?

ANS: I liked the book “You Can Win” because it gives confidence. It encourages us to move forward.

Q6: Can modern technology take the place of books?

ANS: Modern technology can never take the place of books.

UNIT 11

GREAT EXPECTATION

Q1: Who look after Pip after the death of his parents?

ANS: He was brought up by his sister.

Q2: Who was Joe? How did he treat Pip?

ANS: Joe was his sister’s husband. He was kind-hearted. He loved Pip as if he were his own son.

Q3: Why did Pip give food and drink to the prisoner?

ANS: Prisoner had escaped from prison and was needy.

Q4: What happened to the prisoners?

ANS: He had been sent to Australia. He had become a very wealthy farmer there.

Q5: Why did prisoner support Pip?

ANS: Because, Pip helped him in the time of difficulty.

Q6: What happened to the prisoner’s wealth after his death?

ANS: According to law, the government had taken all his money.

Q7: Do you know a person who achieved success in life through his hard work?

ANS: Yes I know Mr. Ali who worked hard. He started his business with small amount that his mother gave to him. Because of the hard work he is running a successful business now.

Q8: How did Pip become a successful businessman?

ANS: Pip Studied hard, did a job, worked honestly and became a Successful businessman.

UNIT 12

POPPULATION GROWTH

AND WORLD FOOD SUPLIES

Q1: Which areas are most affected by incessant growth in population?

ANS: The most affected areas are

a) Arable land
b) Water
c) Energy etc

Q2: Why are developing countries going to suffer more due to over population?

ANS: Because of the rapidly growing population the need of grains and food has also increased.

Q3: What is the major cause of food shortages and malnutrition?

ANS: No doubt, the increasing population is the major cause of food shortages and malnutrition.

Q4: How are water resources under great stress?

ANS: Water resources are under great stress as populous cities and countries withdraw more

water from rivers, lakes etc

Q5: What is the effect of depletion of fossil energy?

ANS: Fossil energy is a finite resource. Its depletion increases as population need for food and services increases.

Q6: What is the limitation of improved technology?

ANS: There is limitation that

technology can assist in effective use of resources but cannot produce more resources.

Q7: How can sufficient food supply be made possible for the future generation?

ANS:

We have to control rapidly increasing population
Strategies for the conservation of land,water,energy and biological resources should be implemented effectively.

Q8: What strategies should be adopted for safe future?

ANS:

a) We will have to control rapidly increasing population.
b) Technology should be used effectively.
c) Resources like land, water, energy should be preserved

Q 9: What does the word “depleted” mean?

ANS: The word depleted means decreased or lessened.

Q 10: How is fossil energy a finite source ?

ANS: It is called finite source because once it is used it cannot be regained.

UNIT 13

FAITHFULNESS

Q1: What case did the young man bring to Hazrat Umar Farooq ?

ANS: Two young men brought a villager to the court and complained that the person had killed their father. They demanded punishment for the person.

Q2: Why did old man hurl a stone at the camel?

ANS: Because the camel snipped few leaves off.

Q3: Why did the villager ask Hazrat Umar Farooq to delay the execution?

ANS: Villager had buried the gold in the earth. He had to tell the place to his younger brother .

Q4: On what condition was the criminal allowed to leave?

ANS: He was asked for providing surety. And person who stands for surety will have to face death if villager does not come back.

Q5: Why were Sahabas worried?

ANS: Because the villager was still absent and Hazrat Abuzar Ghafari had to face death instead.

Q6: Why did the accusers forgive the villager?

ANS: They forgave him because of his honesty and promise keeping.

Selected Text Paragraphs

UNIT 1

HAZRAT MUHAMMAD (PBUH)

AN EMBODIMENT OF JUSTICE

(I)

Hazrat Muhammadﷺ Practical proved that no one can be more just and equitable than the messenger of Almighty Allah. As a young trader he earned good reputation of being an honest fair and just businessman. He always had just and fair dealings with all the people. When the Ka’bah was being constructed, there arouse a dispute among the people regarding the black Stone. He advised the most equitable plan for the setting of the black stone. This pleased everybody and saved them from a terrible conflict.

آپ حضرت محمدﷺ نے اپنے عمل سے یہ ثابت کیا کہ کوئی بھی اللّلہ کے پیغمبر سے بڑھ کر انصاف کرنے والا نہیں ہوسکتا ۔آپ نے ایک نوجوان تاجر کے طور پر ایک ایماندار ،صاف ستھرے اورانصاف پسند کاروباری آدمی کے طور پر اچھی شہرت حاصل کی ۔آپ سب کے ساتھ ہمیشہ انصاف پر مبنی معاملات رکھتے۔جب کعبہ کی تعمیر ہو رہی تھی تو لوگوں کے درمیان حجر اسود کے رکھنے پر جگھڑا کھڑا ہو گیا تھا۔آپﷺ نے حجر اسود کے رکھنے کے لئے ایک منصفانہ فیصلہ کیا۔اس سے تمام لوگ خوش ہو گئے۔

(2)

During a Sermon an Ansari, seeing some men from the tribe of Bann Tha’Iba Sitting there stood up and pointed toward them and Said, “Oh messenger of Allah! Their ancestors killed a member of our family. We appeal to you to get one of them hanged in exchange for that”. The Holy Prophet replied,” the revenge of the father cannot be taken from his son”.

ایک خطبہ کے دوران ایک انصاری نے بنوثلبہ کے چند آدمیوں کو بیٹھے ہوۓ دیکھا تووہ کھژا ہوگیااور کہنے لگا’اے اللّلہ کے پیغمبران کے آباوً اجداد نے ھمارے خاندان کے ایک فرد کو مار ڈالا تھا۔میری آپ سے گزارش ہے کہ ان میں سے ایک کو اس کے بدلے میں مار ڈالا جاے۔پاک نبیﷺ نےفرمایا باپ کا بدلہ کسی کے بیٹے سے نہیں لیا جاسکتا۔

UNIT 2

CHINESE NEW YEAR

(1)

Prior to the first day of the year it is customary for families to thoroughly clean their houses. Doing this, is said to clear out all bad luck from the previous year and to make the house ready to accept good luck for the coming year. All cleaning must be finished before new year’s day So there is no chance to accidently throwing out the good fortune for the new year. Wearing black is not allowed due to its association with death, however, wearing red is encouraged as the color is associated with warding off bad spirit.

سال کے پہلے دن سے پیشتر خاندان والوں کے لے ضروری ہے کہ وہ گھر کو مکمل طور پر صاف کر دیں۔کہا جاتاہےکہ ایسا کر نے سے گزشتہ سال کی نحوستیں صاف ہو تی ہیں اور آنے والے سال کی خوش بختیوں کے لیے گھر تیار ہو جاتاہے۔نئے سال کےپہلے دن سے پیشتر تمام تر صفائی ہو جاتی ہے تاکہ ایسا نہ ہو کہ نئے سال کی کوئی خوش بختی حادثاتی طور پر باہر جا گرے۔کالا رنگ پہننے کی اجازت نہیں ہےکیونکہ اسے موت سے منسوب کیا جاتا ہے ۔ سرخ رنگ کے پہننے کی حوصلہ افزائی کی جاتی ہے کیونکہ یہ سمجھا جاتا ہے کہ اس سے بدروحیں بھاگ جاتی ہیں۔

(2)

On the eve of the Chinese new year it is customary to visit relatives and partake in a large dinner where a number of specific foods are served. It is typical for a Chinese family to make eight to nine dishes for the new year’ s eve dinner because in Chinese language the word eight means prosperity and the word nine means long lasting.

نئے چینی سال کی پہلی شام کورشتہ داروں کے ہاں جانا اور ایک بہت بڑے کھانے میں شامل ہونے کو ضروری سمجھا جاتا ہےجس میں کئی طرح کے کھانے چنے جاتے ہیں۔چینی خاندانوں میں یہ روایت ہے کے نئے سال کے موقع پر آٹھ سے نو کھانے تیار کیے جائیں کیونکہ آٹھ کے لفظ کو خوشحالی اور نو کے لفظ کو طویل مدت تک زندہ رہنےکی علامت سمجھا جاتا ہے۔

UNIT 4

FIRST AID

(1)

Handling minor accident at home or on the road develop a sense of crises management. This may prepare people to tackle with unexpected emergencies with great confidence. Minor cuts and scrapes usually do not need to go to the emergency room. Yet Proper care is essential to avoid infection or other complications. Following guidelines can help you to handle crises and take care of all.

Clean the wound: Rinse out the wound with clear water. To clean the area around the wound use soap and a washcloth. But Soap can irritate the wound, So try to keep it out of the actual wound.

گھر یا سڑک پر معمولی چوٹوں سے نپٹنا حادثے سے نبرد آزما ہونے کی صلاحیت پیدا کرتاہے۔یہ لوگوں میں صلاحیت پیدا کرتا ہےکہ وہ اچانک ہو جانے والے حادثات کا مقابلہ پورے اعتماد سے کر سکیں۔معمولی زخم اور خراشوں کے لئے ایمرجینسی روم میں جانے کی ضرورت نہیں ہےلیکن پھر بھی زخم کو خراب ہو نے سے بچانے کے لئےاور دوسری پیچیدگیوں سے بچانے کےلئےمکمل احطیاط کرنے کی ضرورت ہے۔مندرجہ زیل ھدایات آپ کو حادثات سے بچانےاور مکمل احطیاطی تدابیر اختیار کرنے میں رہنمائی کریں گی۔

زخموں کو صاف کرنا:زخم کے اردگرد کی تھوڑی سی جگہ کو صاف پانی سے دھو لیا جائے۔صابن اور دھلے ہوئےکپڑے کو استعمال کیاجائے۔لیکن صابن زخم مین درد پیدا کر سکتا ہےاس لئے اس کو اصل زخم سے دور ہی رکھنا چاہیے۔

(2)

In the wound after washing, use tweezers clean with alcohol to remove the particles. If debris Still remains, see your doctor. Thorough cleaning reduces the risk of infection and tetanus.

Apply an antibiotic: After you clean the wound, apply a thin layer of an antibiotic cream or ointment to help keep the Surface moist. The products don t make the wound heal Faster but they can help your body’s natural healing process work fast. Certain ingredients in Some ointment can cause mild rash in some people. If a rash appears stop using the ointment.

دھو لینے کے بعد زخم کو الکوحل سےدھلی پٹی سے باقی زرات کو صاف کرلینا چاہیے۔اگر پھر بھی زرات باقی رہیں تو ڈاکٹر سے رابطہ کریں۔زخم کی مکمل صفائی کرنے اورجراثیم کش دوائی استعمال کرنے سےانفیکشن اور ٹیٹنس کے خطرے سے بچا جا سکتا ہے۔جب زخم کو دھو کر صاف کر لیا جائے تواس پر جراثیم کش دوائی اورمرحم کی پتلی سی تہہ لگا دی جائےتاکہ زخم کی سطح نم رہے۔اس طرح کی چیزوں سے زخم جلدی مندمل نہیں ہوتالیکن قدرتی طور پرزخم مندمل ہونے کے عمل میں مدد ملتی ہے۔

UNIT 6

TELEVISION VS NEWSPAPERS

(1)

Although television can give us the most updated news and visuals, newspapers can give us more in-depth coverage. Editorials can give us their expert views and analysis that we can digest slowly as we read them. Many people also read more than one newspaper a day so as to get different viewpoints of the story and to check for the validity. Readers can also give us feedback to the articles by writing to Forum pages . Viewers of television news do not have this luxury as the news flies too fast for any feedback to be relevant.

اگرچہ ٹیلیویژن ہمیں نت نئی خبریں اور تصاویر دکھاتا ہےلیکن اخبار ہمیں زیادہ گہرائی سےخبر دیتا ہے۔ایڈیٹوریل ہمیں اپنے ماہرانہ رائے اور تبصرے بھی دیتے ہیں جس کوپڑھ کر ہم آہستہ آہستہ سمجھ لیتے ہیں۔ اکثر لوگ ایک دن میں ایک سے زیادہ اخبارات پڑھتےہیں تاکہ وہ کہانی کے بارے میں مختلف رائے جان سکیں اور اس کی صداقت کے بارے میں جان سکیں۔ایک پڑھنے واالا آدمی آرٹیکل کے بارے میں رائے کا اظہارفورم کےصفحات پر لکھ کرکرسکتا ہے۔ٹی وی کے ناضرین کو یہ سہولت میسرنہیں ہے کیونکہ خبریں اتنی تیز ہوتی ہیں کہ فیڈ بیک نہیں دی جا سکتی ہے۔

(2)

Each medium has strengths that other does not. Each makes use of strong points that others lacks . Television news is like having a fast food meal whereas reading newspapers is like having a ten course dinner. The ideal seems to be, if one has the time, to both read the news and watch it on television.

ہر میڈیم کی خاص خوبی ہے جودوسرے کی نہیں ہے۔ہر ایک میں کچھ ایسی خاص باتیں ہیں جو دوسرے میں نہیں پائی جاتیں۔ ٹیلیوژن کی خبریں فاسٹ فوڈ کھانے کے مترادف ہیں جب کہ اخبارات کا پڑھنا دس اقسام کے کھانے کے برابر ہے۔اگر کسی کے پاس وقت ہو توخبریں پڑھنا اور ساتھ ساتھ ٹیلیویژن دیکھنا بہتر نظر آتا ہے۔

UNIT 7

LITTLE BY LITTLE ONE WALKS FAR!

(I)

I am glad that I have got a taste of what the real world has to offer. I have learned many lessons from my public High school, boarding school and work experiences. I am not ready to learn many more lessons through my college experience –Although it has been tough-I have succeeded so far. I am prepared to excel and make it much further in the year to come with college education. This developing positive outlook has given me the motivation that I need to become successful. I never give up. When I am determine to achieve, “I shoot for the moon and land among the stars.

مجھے خوشی ہے کہ میں نے وہ تجربہ حا صل کیا ہے جس کی حقیقی دنیا پیشکش کرتی ہے۔میں نے پبلک ہائی سکول ،بورڈنگ سکول اوراپنے تجربات سے سبق سیکھا ہے-میں اپنے کالج کے تجربات سے کچھ اس سے زیادہ اسباق سیکھنے کے لئے تیار ہوں۔اگرچہ یہ بہت مشکل تھا لیکن میں ابھی تک کامیاب ہوں۔میں اس میں ترقی کرنے کے لیے تیار ہوں اور کالج کی تعلیم کے ساتھ ساتھ آئندہ آنے والے سالوں میں اپنے تجربات جاری رکھنا چاہتا ہوں۔اس بڑھتی ہوئی مثبت تبدیلی کے لئے مجھے حوصلہ دیا ہےکہ میں کامیابی کی امید کو کبھی نہ ترک کروں۔جب میں کامیانی حاصل کر نے کا پختہ ارادہ کر لیتا ہوں تو میں چاند پر اترنے کی کوششش کرتا ہوں اورستاروں کے درمیان قیام کرتا ہوں۔

UNIT 9

SELECTING THE RIGHT CAREER

(1)

Today the world has become more dynamic and innovative. Gone are the days when the medical and engineering fields were the only available choices. Now a whole world of non- traditional careers, from IT, electronic media and web networking to online business portals and fashion designing, are available for young people.

آج کی دنیا کی کئی جہتیں ہیں اور یہ بہت زیادہ تخلیقی صلاحییتوں سے مالا مال ہے۔وہ دن گئے جب میڈیکل اور انجنئیرنگ کے شعبہ جات ہی واحد راستے تھے۔اب نوجوانوں کے لئے آٹی،الیکٹرونک میڈیا،ویب نیٹ ورکنگ سے لیکر انٹر نیٹ پر کارو بار اور فیشن ڈیزائننگ تک غیر روایتی شعبہ جات موجود ہیں۔

(2)

Mass communication is certainly one of the fastest emerging industries in the world. This Field is highly rewarding in terms of both respect and money. Unlike other disciplines, mass communication does not require a particular line of Study; you may join this field after completing your B.A, B. Com or B.Sc etc. Fashion and designing have now emerged as a separate industry. A number of universities are offering degree programs and diplomas in fashion designing.

ماس کمیونیکیشن یقیناً دنیا میں تیزی سے ابھرتی ہوئی صنعتوں میں سے ایک ہے۔یہ شعبہ پیسہ اور عزت دونوں کے لحاظ سے بہت زیادہ صلہ دینے والا ہے۔دوسرے شعبوں کے برعکس ماس کمیونیکیشن میں جانے کے لئے کسی خاص طرح کی تعلیم کی ضرورت نہیں ہے۔آپ بی اے، بی کام اور بی ایس سی کے بعد اس فیلڈ میں جا سکتے ہیں۔فیشن اور ڈیزائننگ الگ شعبہ جات کے طور پر ابھرے ہیں۔بہت سی یونیورسٹیاں فیشن ڈیزائننگ میں ڈپلومے اور ڈگریوں کے پروگرام پیش کر رہی ہیں۔

UNIT 10

A WORLD WITHOUT BOOKS?

(1)

Literature is the story of humans. It is the record of who we are? Where we came from and where are going? Books make us travel at large. During our journey, we are connected with humanity. We can identify ourselves with the characters we meet and learn whether we love, loathe, fear or flatter. They help us comprehend our faults and aspirations. They let us know who could we become if we are not careful. Reading provides the deepest connection to the morals that make us human, and part of a larger society.

ادب انسانوں کی کہانی ہے۔یہ اس بات کا ریکارڈ ہے کہ ہم کون ہیں؟ ہم کہاں سے آ ئے ہیں ؟ ہم کہاں جانے والے ہیں؟کتابیں ہمیں بڑے پیمانے پر سفر کراتی ہیں۔اس سفر کے دوران ہم انسانیت سے جڑے رہتے ہیں۔ہم جن کرداروں سے ملتے ہیں ان سے ہم اپنے آپ کو یہچان سکتے ہیں کہ کیا ہم محبت کرنے والے،نفرت کرنے والے،خوفزدہ یا خوشامد کرنے والے ہیں۔یہ ہماری غلطیوں اور خواہشات کو سمجھنے میں مدد کرتی ہیں۔یہ ہمیں بتاتی ہیں کی ہم احطیاط نہ کرنی کی صورت میں کیا بن سکتے ہیں۔کتاب کا پڑھنا اخلاقیات کے ساتھ گہرا رابطہ پیدا کرتا ہے جو ہمیں انسان بناتی ہیں اور ایک بہت بڑے معاشرے کا حصہ بناتی ہیں۔

(2)

Books are a source of comfort for us. They are safe shelters. Throughout human history man has found peace in the written works. Books are bridges_ through their pages we make our contact with society. Those who read more are better prepared to face the World than those who don’t read.

کتابیں ہمارے لئے سکون کا باعث بنتی ہیں۔یہ ہمارے لیے محفوظ پناہ گاہیں ہیں۔تمام انسانی تاریخ میں آدمی کتابوں سے سکون حاصل کرتا رہا ہے۔کتابیں پل کی طرح ہوتی ہیں جو معاشرے کے ساتھ ہمارا رابطہ پیدا کرتی ہیں۔وہ لوگ جو پڑھتے ہیں ان لوگوں کے مقابلے میں جو کتابیں نہیں پڑھتے زیادہ بہتر انداز سے دنیا کا سامنا کر سکتےہیں

(3)

Books offer other types of pleasures as well. The Joy of their touch , Sound and fragrance is immeasurable. The pleasure of their understanding is an addition to it. The sharing of books with friends is still another form of joy. Libraries are the evidence of grandeur of a civilization.

کتابیں ہمیں اور بہت سی خوشیوں سے آشنا کرتی ہیں۔اس کو چھونے کا احساس،(صفحہ پلٹنے کی) آواز اور خوشبوسے حاصل ہو نے والالطف انتہا درجے کا ہے۔اس کو سمجھنے سے خوشی میں اور بھی اضافہ ہوتا ہے۔دوستوں کے ساتھ کتابوں کا تبادلہ ابھی تک خوشی حاصل کر نے کا ایک منفرد انداز ہے۔

UNIT 11

GREAT EXPECTATION

(1)

In London Pip Studied hard. He relieved money regularly but he did not know where or who it came from. He lived in a flat with a young man who had little money but who worked for insurance agent. They became friends. After some years, Pip was visited by the prisoner whom he had helped as a child. The man had been sent with other convicts to Australia and had become a very wealthy farmer there.

لندن میں پپ نے سخت محنت سے تعلیم حاصل کی۔یپ کو تعلیم کے لئے پیسے باقاعدگی سے ملتے رہے لیکن وہ نہیں جانتا تھا کہ یہ پیسے اسے کون بھیجتا ہے اور یہ پیسے کہاں سے آتے ہیں۔وہ ایک نوجوان آدمی کے ساتھ فلیٹ میں رہتا تھا جس کے پا س کم پیسے ہوتے تھے لیکن وہ ایک انشورنس کمپنی کا ایجنٹ بھی تھا۔وہ دوست بن گئے۔کچھ عرے کے بعد وہ قیدی جس کی پپ نے بچپن مین مدد کی تھی لندن اسے ملنے آگیا۔اس آدمی کو ایک اور مجرم کے ساتھ آسٹریلیا بھیج دیا گیا تھا جہاں وہ ایک بہت امیر کسان بن گیا تھا۔

UNIT 12

POPPULATION GROWTH

AND WORLD FOOD SUPLIES

(1)

The alarming and incessant growth of population is causing serious economic problems in almost all continents۔ Great pressure is being placed on arable land, water, energy and biological resources. As the world population grows, the food problem will become increasingly severe. The most vulnerable will be population in developing countries. The per capita availability of food grains has been declining for the past 25 years. Certainly with a quarter millions people being added to the world population each day, the need for grains and and all other Food will reach unprecedented levels.

آبادی میں ہونے والا خوفناک اور مسلسل اضافہ مختلف براعظموں میں سنجیدہ نوعیت کے معاشی مسائل کا سبب بن رہا ہے۔قابل کاشت اراضی،پانی،توانائی اور حیاتیاتی مسائل پر بہت زیادہ دباوَ آ رہا ہے۔اگر دنیا کی آبادی بڑھتی رہی تو غذا کا مسئلہ شدید ہو جائے گا۔ترقی پزیر ممالک کی آبادی کو سب سے زیادہ خطرہ درپیش ہو گا۔گزشتہ پچیس سال سے فی کس غذائی اجناس کی مقدار کم ہو رہی ہے۔یقینی طور پر روزانہ دنیا کی آبادی میں ایک چوتھائی ملین افراد کے اضافہ کی وجہ سے اناج اور دیگر تمام اقسام کی غذا کی طلب ناقابل مثال سطح تک پہنچ جائے گی۔

(2)

Fossil energy is another prime renounce use for food production. Nearly 80 percent of the world, fossil energy is being used by the developed countries The intensive farming technologies of the developed countries use massive amounts of fossil energy for fertilizers, pesticides irrigation and machines as a substitute for human labour. In developing countries. Fossil energy has been used primarily for fertilizers and irrigation to help maintain yield rather than to reduce human labor inputs. Because fossil is a finite resource, its depletion accelerates as population needs for food and services escalate. Thus, cost of fuel increases everywhere.

فوسل انرجی غذا کی پیداوار کے لئے استعمال ہونے والا دوسرا اہم زریعہ ہے۔دنیا میں پائی جانے والی فوسل انرجی کا قریباً اسی فیصد حصہ ترقی یافتہ ممالک استعمال کر رہے ہیں۔ ترقی یافتہ ممالک کی بڑھتی ہوئی کاشتکاری کی ٹیکنالوجیز لیبر کے متبادل کے طور پر بہت زیادہ مقدار میں فوسل انرجی استعمال کر رہی ہے۔ترقی پزیر ممالک میں انسانی لیبر کو کم کرنے کی بجائے فوسل انرجی ابتدائی طور پر پیداوار کی شرح برقرار رکھنے کے لئے کھادوں اور آبپاشی کے لئے استعمال ہو رہی ہے۔کیونک فوسل انرجی ایک معدود زریعہ ہے۔آبادی کے لئے غذا اور خدمات کی ضرورت بڑھنے سے اس کی کمی میں اضافہ ہوتا ہے۔اس طرح ہر جگہ ایندھن کی لاگت بڑھتی ہے۔

UNIT 13

FAITHFULNESS

The third day downed. The accuser and the Surety were present at the Mosque of the Prophet. They were waiting for criminal. As a time passed, “Sahabah” felt anxious for the fate of Hazrat Abu Zar Ghaffari. When only an hour remaining both the accuser came forward and demanded Hazrat Abuzar Ghaffari their man. Hearing this, the Sahabah became more anxious for the safety of Hazrat Abu Zar Ghaffari and their eyes were filled with tears. Some requested the accuser to accept blood money. But they refused, saying” Our demand is life for life”

تیسرا دن گزر گیا۔دعویٰ گزار اور ضامن مسجد نبوی میں موجود ےتھے۔وہ مجرم کا انتظار کر رہے تھے۔وقت گزرنے کے ساتھ ساتھ۔صحابہ حضرت ابوزرغفاری کے انجام کے بارے میں بے چین ہوتے چلے گئے۔جب صرف ایک گھنٹہ رہ گیا تو وہ دعویٰ گزار آگے آئے اور اپنا آدمی حضرت ابوزرغفاری طلب کیا۔یہ سن کر صحابہ حضرت ابوزرغفاری کی سلامتی کے بارے میں اور زیادہ فکرمند ہو گئے اور ان کی آنکھوں میں آنسو آگئے۔چند ایک نے مدعیان سے گزارش کی کہ وہ دیت قبول کر لیں۔مگر انہوں نے یہ کہتے ہوئے انکار کر دیا کہ ہمارا مطالبہ ہے جان کے بدلے جان۔

SUMMARIES

Try Again

Try again is a beautiful poem written by W.E Hickson. The poet says if at first you cannot Succeed try again. Don’t give up. Be patient. You should learn from the failure. You must keep going. Failure is a good teacher. The next time you shall be successful. You should keep in mind that everybody has to go through the difficulties. Some goals are difficult to achieve. Try again is the only way of success. If you don’t give up, one day you will be successful.

The Rain

W.H. Davies has written a beautiful poem “The Rain”. This poem has deep meanings. In this poem rain has been used as a symbol. When it rains, the upper leaves of the tree get water first. After this, water is passed to the Lower leaves. Here, upper leaves mean rich people and Lower leaves are poor people. The poet says that rain will stop soon . When the Sun comes out it will brighten up all drops. It will be a lovely sight. The Sun shines for everyone.

Peace

Peace is a beautiful poem written by Dr. Hartman. Wind has two characteristics. When it is in rage, it destroys everything. It ruins trees, fields & buildings. But when the wind is gentle and cool it gives lives to birds and humans. Poetess says that there is a calm after every storm. A person who faces difficulties of life becomes stronger. There is success after every failure there is happiness after every hardship. A person who thinks in a positive way will have eternal peace.

Direct Indirect Narrations

Pronouns

Case	Nominative Clause	Possessive clause	Objective clause
First person	I We	My Our	Me US
Second person	You	Your	You
Third person	He She It	His Her Its	Him Her It

Understand this

Reporting speech	Reported Speech	Thing to do
Present	Present	No change
Present	Past	No change
Past	Present	Change Reported Speech into past
Past	Past	No change

He says,” I go to school”

He says that he goes to school.

He says,” he went to school.

He says that he went to school.

He said.”I go to School”

He said that he went to school.

He said.” I went to school”

He said that he went to school.

Understand this

First person pronouns are changed according to the subject of the Reporting speech
Second person pronouns are changed according to the object of the Reporting speech
Third person pronouns remain unchanged

Learn this

Assertive sentences
Interrogative sentences
Imperative sentences
Exclamatory sentences
Optative sentences

Assertive sentences

Direct speech	Indirect speech
I said to him.” I do my duty”	I said to him that I did my duty
He says to me, “ I like mangoes.”	He tells me that he likes mangoes.
You will say to him, “You are waiting your time.”	You will tell him that he is wasting his time.
He said to me, “I shall write a letter.”	He told me that he would write a letter.
He said honesty is the best policy.	He said that honesty is the best policy.

Interrogative sentences

Direct speech	Indirect speech
He said to him, “What are you doing?”	He asked him what he was doing.
He said to her, “Who are you?”	He asked her who she was.
I said to him, “Do you take tea daily?”	I asked him if he took tea daily.
He said to me, “Can you open the big door?”	He asked me if I could open the big door.
He said to me, “Is your brother ill?”	He asked me if my brother was ill.

Imperative sentences

Direct speech	Indirect speech
He said, “Ring the bell.”	He ordered to ring the bell.
He said to his servant, “Do not sit her?”	He forbade his servant to sit there.
My father said to me, “Obey your elders.”	My father advised me to obey my elders.
He said to his master, “Please! Forgive me, sir.”	He begged his master to forgive him.
He said to his son, “Do not walk in the sun.”	He forbade his son to sit in the son.

Exclamatory sentences

Direct speech	Indirect speech
He said, “May you live long.”	He prayed that I might live long.
My mother said to me, “May you succeed.”	My mother prayed for me that I might succeed.
He said, “May you prosper.”	He prayed that I might prosper.
He Said, “May You live long”.	He prayed her that she might win the match.
He said, “May God help you!”	He said that God might help me.

Optative sentences

Direct speech	Indirect speech
She said, “What a lovely place it is!”	She exclaimed with joy that it was a very lovely place.
He said, “How high the Mountain is!”	He exclaimed with wonder that mountain was very high.
He said to me, “Aha! I have won the match!”	He exclaimed with joy that I had won the match.
She said, “Sorry, I have broken the glass.”	She exclaimed with sorrow that she had broken the glass.
He said, “Alas! He has missed the chance.”	He exclaimed with sorrow that he had missd the Chance.

First Test

Direct speech	Indirect speech
The say, “I recite the Holy Quran every day.”	She says that …… recites the Holy Quran every day.
The Doctor Said to the patient “Did you take a bath.”	The doctor asked the patient if she had taken a bath.
He said to me, “When will you come?”	He asked me when I……. come.
She says to me, “I help the poor.”	She tells me that she …… the poor.
The woman said, “Alas! The hen is dead.”	The woman exclaimed with ……. that the hen was dead.
She said to me, “My son, mind your own work.”	She directed me to mind …… own work.
She said, “I like clouds in the sky.”	She said that she ……. clouds in the sky.
They said, “We have done our duty.”	They said that they …… done their duty.
The boy said, “What do you want me to do.”	They boy asked what…….. wanted him to do.

Second Test

Direct speech	Indirect speech
The clerk asked, “Who is next in the list.”	The clerk asked who ……. next in the list.
He said to his friend, “Please! Say something.”	He requested his friend ……… say something.
Ali said, “Let us go for the Party.”	Ali ………. us to go for the party
He said to me, “Please lend me your camera for one day.”	He ………. me to lend him a Camera for one day.
She said, “what a beautiful poem it is!”.	She exclaimed with joy that it……. a beautiful poem.
His mother said, “Tell me the whole truth.”	His mother ………. him to tell the whole truth.
The officer said to me, “You have been very regular.”	The officer …….. me that I had been regular.
Ahmed said, “I am ill.”	Ahmed said that he ……….. ill.
Amina said, “I was ill.”	Amina said that she was ill.
He asked me, “Do you speak Chinese.”	He asked me ………. I speak Chinese.

Third Test

Direct speech	Indirect speech
He says, “I have not heard the latest news about her.”	She says that he ……… not heard the latest news about her.
The teacher said, “Have you finished your work.”	The teacher asked ……… I had finished my work.
Boy asked, “Is this your toy.”	The boy asked if this was ……… toy.
The leader said “ Let us not waste our time.”	The leader advised that we should not waste our time.”
He said, “How will she sing?”	He exclaimed with wonder that she sing very well.
The Judge said, “Have you anything more to say.”	The judge asked if I ………. anything more to say.
. The stranger said, “Which way goes to the mosque?”	The stranger asked which way ……. to the mosque
The student said, “How will I solve the problems.”	The Student asked how ……… he solve the problem.

Pair Of Words

Affect

Effect

Accept

Except

Access

Excess

Advise

Advice

Altar

Alter

Angel

Angle

Break

Brake

Cast

Caste

Cool

Cold

Cell

Sell

Council

Counsel

Dairy

Diary

Deer

Dear

Dew

Due

Die

Dye

Dual

Duel

Fair

Fare

Gate

Gait

Heal

Heel

Hair

Hare

Idle

Idol

Lion

Loin

Main

Mane

Male

Mail

Pain

Pane

Piece

Peace

Pray

Prey

Principal

Principle

Quite

Quiet

Right

Write

Root

Route

Scene

Seen

Tale

Tail

Team

Teem

Vain

Vein

Waste

Waist

Weak

Week

Wine

Vine

Yoke

Yolk

My advise did not affect him.

Hard work had a bad effect on his health.

He accepted my invitation.

AA except Ali were present.

I have no access to the Headmaster.

Excess of everything is bad.

I advised him to work hard.

My advice fall flat on him.

A lamb was bought to the altar.

He altered his mind .

He saw an angel.

There are three angle in a triangle.

He didn’t break the stick

The brake of the cycle didn’t wood

She cast a glance at me.

He is syed by caste.

A cool breeze was blowing.

Cold wind blows in winter.

The prisoners came out of the cell.

He Sells school books.

I am a member of the college council.

J gave him a wise counsel.

It is a dairy farm.

He gave me a new diary.

I saw a deer in the forest.

He is very dear to me .

Dew drops beautify the flowers.

He cart come to school due to illness.

He died of fever.

The dyed my coat.

I have a dual Sim mobile.

They fought a duel.

I went to the fair.

What is the bus fare from Wah to Attock.

Please, open the gate.

She has a charming gait.

My wounds have healed.

I don’t Wear long heel shoes.

I have long hair.

There was no hare in the zoo

I never sit idle.

The Arabs worship idol

I saw a lion.

Gird up your loin.

This is the main idea of poem.

He caught the horse by the mane

Male and female were present in the party

Drop the mail in the Letter box.

I have pain in my legs.

Children broke the pane.

I have a piece of paper.

Pakistani people like peace.

Please pray for my success.

Lion jumped over the prey.

My sister is the principal of the school.

I have some principles.

He is now quite well.

Please keep quiet.

This is my right foot.

I write a letter to my father.

Some plants have small roots.

I now a Short route.

This Scene is very beautiful.

Policemen are seen everywhere.

It is an interesting tale.

Rabbit has short tail.

Cricket team won the match.

The zoo teems with animals.

All efforts went in vain.

Artery is the main vein.

Do not waste time, money & energy.

He tied a rope around his waist.

Wi-Fi signals are too weak

There are seven days in a week.

Wine is forbidden.

There is a vine-yard.

The farmer had a yoke of oxen.

The yolk of an egg is yellowish.

Essays

Once Upon a time

A Rainy Day
Most Memorable Day of My Life
How I Spent My Holiday
A Visit To Historical place
A Picnic party
Visit To Tomb etc

All my class fellows and teachers arranged a visit to Faisal Mosque last Tuesday. It was very nice day. We took many things to eat with us. We reached there by bus. We reached there in time. The sight of the mosque was splendid. There was a big garden in front of the mosque. It remembers as the memory of old days. We sat in the ground. Cool breeze was blowing. The sky was full of clouds. After some time it began to rain. The weather was more pleasant. Everybody liked that. There was water everywhere. After two hours, rain stopped. We gossiped, chatted and laughed together. Soon we were tired. He came back to home in the evening. It was the loveliest day of my life. I may never forget that beautiful day of my life.

On A Person

A School peon
A Driver
A Beggar
A juggler.
A postman Etc

A…. is a conman person. He is seen everywhere in Pakistan. Everybody knows him very well. He wears a common dress. His appearance is rough. He can’t enjoy holiday. He has to work. whether it is rainy day or sunny, he has to go to work. Although he works very hard but he can’t earn enough money. He often remains hand to mouth. Some of them earn a lot of money by unfair of means. He cannot wear good cloths. He does not live in a big house. He is not educated person. He does not pay attention toward the education of his children. Usually, he looks sad.

A Match

Hockey Match
A Volley Ball Match
A Basket Ball Match
A cricket Match
A football Match

Last Sunday, the weather was fine. A. . . . match was played between Salman Club and Nauman lclub. I with some of my friends reached the ground in time. There was a big crowd of spectators. Two or three policeman were also there. Many hawkers were Selling eatables. People were buying things. We got the seat with difficulty. The match started at fixed time. Both of the teams were strong. Each of the team tried their best. Supporters were shouting and clapping. At one time Salman club did best and at other time Nauman club work hard. In spite of all this match ended in a draw. The match was very interesting. I liked it very much.

My Favorite Poet
Allama Iqbal
A National Hero
My favorite Personality etc

There are many famous poets in this beautiful world. My favorite poet is Allama Iqbal. He was a great thinker and a true Muslim. He roused our nation from deep dream. His poetry has deep meanings.He came into this world in November 9, 1877. He got his early education in his city. He did his M.A. from Lahore. After that he went to Germany and did his Ph.D. He started law practice at Lahore. He spent most of his time in poetry. He wrote many poems. He gave us the true spirit of Islam. Love and bravery is the main massage of his poetry. He gave the idea of Pakistan. He could not live long to see Pakistan. He left this world in 1938.

Quaid-e-Azam

Quaid-e-Azam was The founder of Pakistan. He was a great leader. He was born in Karachi on December 25, 1876. After getting early education he went to England for higher education. He came back to India as a Barrister . He started law practice in Mumbai. He worked for the Hindu_Muslim unity. Later on he joined Muslim league. He worked hard for the betterment of Muslims. On March 23^rd, 1940 Muslim League passed a resolution demanding a separate homeland. As a result of his struggle, Pakistan appeared on the map of the world on August 1947. He left this world on 11 September 1948. He was a goat leader. We should follow him. May God shower his blessings upon him (Amen).

Hard work ls The key To Success

Nothing can be achieved without hard work. Hard work is the way to success. Continuous efforts and vigilance to work is the only price for success in life. Work does not make us tired. It gives us pleasure. Only work can change something and change can bring prosperity in life. We can improve our abilities by working. If we don’t work we shall become idle and may live like a sick person. Activity is the law of nature. By working we can improve our physical and mental abilities both. If there is poverty, it may be because of the idleness. We can Change our life if we work hard. Let us see the example of Abraham Lincon. He was born in a poor family. He could not afford buying the books. He borrowed the books. He worked hard. One day he became the president of America. Surely, Success comes from hard work.

The Influence Of Electronic media On Print media

We all are well aware of the importance of the electronic media. There are two types of media. One is Electronic media and second is Print media. T.V, Radio and internet are included in electronic media . Newspapers, magazines and journals are included in print media. Electronic media can be said a new media. Although both types of media have some importance. But electronic media hove some edge on the print media.

The first and the most important quality of electronic media is that it is very fast. It can tell us situation within a moment. We com be aware of the improvement of day to day changes. He can know what happening around us.

Electronic media has both audio and visual effects. So, it is very easy for everybody to understand what is going around. Even, when we don’t know about the language, we can be aware. Electronic media has made our life very easy.

Co-Curricular activities

There are routine activities in educational field. These activities are celled curricular activities. Beside these activities there are some other activities which are quite helpful for education process. These are celled co-curricular activities. Co curricular activities may be sports, debates, poetical competitions, essay writing or painting exhibitions.

Apparently, these sort of activities are against the educational typical process. It is thought that these activities waste the time of the students. They cannot prepare for the exams. But the reality is this that these sort of activities can be very helpful to promote educational activities. These activities are helping for the brain and physique. It is said that sound body has a sound mind. A good educational process needs sound minds. Sick minds are not creative. They cannot produce something new.

Co-curricular activities give us the pleasure. It does not make the educational process dull. The schools and collages should organize the activities like these. But they should keep in mind that there Should be a balance.

My Favorite Career

There are many careers that are loved by different people. Different people have different approach. They chose their profession on different bases. Some choose their profession for income. Some choose profession for respect. Some choose profession because they like that.

A Chinese philosopher says” If we choose a profession which we like, we will not have to do work.”

I have selected a profession because I like this. The profession I chose is Teaching. It is highly respectable profession. It is also very rewarding. It has many changes of growth. It provides us the opportunities to improve our learning capacity. It helps us to create something new. It tells us how to live a life.

Teaching is very serious profession too. As the doctor cures the body, the teacher Cures the spirit. Unfortunately here in our country teaching is not considered a good profession like medical and engineering are considered to be. Teachers are low paid. And society only respect the wealthy people. But the leader can make a respectable place in the society. He should work with Vigor and devotion. Teaching is not a dull profession. Teaching has thrilling and joy in it.

Translate Into English

(1)

Once a Jackal lived on the bank of the river. There were many melon-fields in the other side of the river. The river was deep and broad. The jackal wanted to eat the melons to his fill. He could not cross the river. One day he said to his friend camel, “If you get me to the other bank of the river, I shall be thankful to you.” The Camel agreed. The Jackal got up onto the back of the camel. Wading Through The river the camel reached the other bank. The Jackal entered the melon.-field, and began to eat melons with great delight.

(2)

There was a miser. Once he lost his purse. There was hundred rupees in the purse. He announced “ I shall give ten rupees to him who finds and brings the purse to me.” One day a farmer came to him with his purse. The miser searched out the purpose. There were exact one hundred rupees in it. When the farmer demanded his reward, the miser said,” There were one hundred and ten rupees in my purse. Now they are only one hundred. You have already taken ten rupees”

(3)

Once two friend set off a journey. They promised to help each other in the time of difficulty. They reached a forest. They saw a bear coming toward them. One of them ran and climbed a tree. His friend could not climb up the tree. He lay down and held his breath.

(4)

Once a crow was thirsty. He flew from one place to another but he found water nowhere. At last he reached a garden. He saw a pitcher of water there. He became very happy. He looked into the pitcher. The water was very low that his beak could not reach it. The crow was wise. He hit upon an idea.

(5)

Once a crow got a piece of meat. He sat on the branch of tree. Meanwhile a fox reached there. The fox said to itself. “I should get this piece from this crow”. Coming close to it he said to the crow, “I have heard you can song well. You have melodious voice. I wish to enjoy your song. Will you please song one a song?”. The crow felt happy on this.

(6)

There come such moments in the ups and downs of life when a person losses all hopes. He sees darkness everywhere. His power to face difficulties fails. This thing is against the dignity of man. The entire development of this is due to the will and determination which God has bestowed upon him. Man should never lose heart, but should face his failures boldly. A day will come when Allah will surely give him success.

(7)

Anarkali is the busiest bazaar in Lahore. It is always crowed with people. Shops remain open till late at night. you can buy almost all type of things here some people come here to buy things but most of them come just for recreation . There are many hawkers in Anarkali. They sell buttons, laces, needles, clips and other things. Some pickpockets also visit Anarkali. If you go to Anarkali beware of these pickpockets.

(8)

Karachi is a beautiful important city. It is the biggest city in Pakistan. It stands on the shore of the Arabian sea . Its climate is temperate. Land breeze and sea breeze keep on blowing here. Karachi was once the capital of Pakistan. It is a seaport. Our trades with other countries is carried out through this port. Our beloved leader Quaid e Azam was born in Karachi. His mausoleum also lies in this city. Whenever people visit Karachi must visit his mausoleum to offer “Fateha”.

(9)

Atomic energy can be used for the good of human beings. It can also be used for the destruction of the world. Atomic energy can produce electricity for us. There are possibilities of producing cheap electricity by atomic energy. We should use atomic energy only for peaceful purposes.

(10)

A lion is a powerful beast. It looks very dangerous. There are long hair on its neck. It is found in the jungles of Africa and Asia. It lives in caves. It is called the king of the Forest. It is the worst enemy of man. However, the hunters steal its cubs. They train them to work in circuses.

Forms Of Verb And Pronouns

Two families of Personal Pronouns

	He/She/ It	I, We, They, You
Present	He/She/ It /Cat drinks milk. (s added in drink) He/She/ It /Cat is drinking milk now. He/She/ It /Cat has drunk milk. He/She/ It /Cat has been drinking milk for two hours.	I, We, They, You/ Cats drink milk every day. We, They, You/ Cats are drinking milk now. (I am drinking milk..) I, We, They, You/ Cats have drunk milk. I, We, They, You/ Cats have been drinking milk for two hours. (For, Since)
Past	He/She/ It /Cat drank milk yesterday. I, He/She/ It /Cat was drinking milk yesterday. He/She/ It /Cat had drunk milk. He/She/ It /Cat had been drinking milk for two hours. (For, Since)	I, We, They, You/ Cats drank milk yesterday. We, They, You/ Cats were drinking milk yesterday.(I was drinking milk) I, We, They, You/ Cats had drunk milk. I, We, They, You/ Cats had been drinking milk for two hours. (For, Since)
Future	He/She/ It /Cat will drink milk tomorrow. He/She/ It /Cat will be drinking milk. He/She/ It /Cat will have drunk milk. He/She/ It /Cat Will have been drinking milk for two hours. (For, Since)	I, We, They, You/ Cats shall drink milk tomorrow. I, We, They, You/ Cats shall be drinking milk. I, We, They, You/ Cats Shall have drunk milk. I, We, They, You/ Cats Shall have been drinking milk.

Choose the correct form of verb

1 Now he ….. hockey in School.

(a)Played (b) Playing (c) is playing

2 He…. in this house Since 1990.

(a)had been living(b)has been living(c)will live

3 Aslam and Ali…. For a walk in the morning.

(a)go (b) goes (c) was going

4 The summer season has… to an end.

(a)Comes (b) coming (C) come

5Who is…. the bell.

(a) ringing (b) has rung (c) ring

6 The teacher…. The lesson well.

(a)teaches (b) teaching (c) have teaching

7 I….. for half an hour.

(a)have been walking (b) have walked (c) am walking

8 If I see Aslam, I shall…. On dinner.

(a) invite (b) invites (C) inviting

9 Are they…. Idle?

(a)sits (b) sit (c) will sit

10 He…. when you talked.

(a)listens (b) is listening (c) was listening

11 He…. a bike when he saw me.

(a)ride (b) was riding (b) rode

12 She …. cat very mach.

(a)loves (b) Loved (C) have love

13 I hope it… raining by the evening.

(a)stops (b) will have stopped (C) Stop

14 I….. her in the plane yesterday.

(a)met (b) meets (c) was met

15 What are you…. Now.

(a)write (b) writes (C) writing

16 They…. tea every morning.

(a)took (b) take (C) taken

17 They will. … on The bus.

(a)travels (b) travel (C) traveling

18 Cat …. Milk.

(a)drank(b)drinking(c)drunk

19 If I go to Wah I ….a gift for you.

(a)will bring(b)shall bring(c)bringing

20 Ahmed does not…. meal at noon.

(a)take(b)takes(C)will take

Learn Spelling

Separate

Luxury

Particular

Environment

Massive

Prosperity

Enough

Tribal

Distinct

Fortune

Justice

Frustration

Agricultural

Judgment

Priority

Leisure

Language

Entertainment

Auditory

Disgrace

Antibiotic

Accessible

Traits

Typically

Preserve

Ancestor

Destitute

Dispute

Anxious

Applause

Villagers

Revelation

Concentration

Profession

Significance

Aptitude

Responsible

Competition

Intercede

Equitable

Reputation

Parts Of Speech

(1) Noun (z) Pronoun (3) Adjective (4) Verb

(5)Adverb(6)Preposition(7)Conjunction)

(8) Interjections

Noun

A noun is a name of a person, place or a thing.

Examples

Ali, School, Karachi, Boy, Table etc

Use of nouns

Allama Iqbal was a great poet.
Hyder Ali was born in Mysore in 1722.
Rice is grown on wet land.

Types of nouns

Proper Nouns

Allama Iqbal, Faisal Mosque, Holy Quran etc.

Common Nouns

Boy, school, Chair etc.

Concrete Noun

It refers to some material things.

The revenge of the father cannot be taken from The son.
Keep the balls in the basket.
I have two books in my bag.

Abstract Noun

It refers to quality, idea or state.

He is known by his justice.
Truthfulness is liked by everyone.
Take care of you.

Collective Noun

It’s a collection of Some material things

Examples

Gang, around, family, Class, Team, Army etc

Uses of Collective Noun

Our Hockey team is very strong.
He is our family
The crowd praised the Player.

Pronouns

It is used in place of a noun.

Types of pronouns

Personal Pronoun

It is used in place of a person.

I and They – Who speaks
You- who listens
He, She, It, They – who are not present.

Demonstrative Pronoun

It points out something. Like That is the cat!!!

Examples

This, That, Those, These etc

Reflexes Pronoun

It indicates back to the personal pronouns. Like myself to I.

Examples

Myself, Ourselves Yourself, Yourselves, Himself, Herself, Themselves

Uses of Reflexes Pronouns.

I talked to mysel
Don’t worry, We shall do it to ourselves.
You should take care of

Interrogative Pronouns

Used to ask the questions.

Examples

Whose, Whom, Which, What etc

Uses of Interrogative Pronouns

Which one is your pencil?
Where do you live?
Whose house is that?

Relative Pronoun

It tells the relationship between pronoun and noun.

Examples

That, Whom, Who etc

Uses of Relative pronouns

He is the boy who gave me a pen.
He is the Principal whom I met yesterday
Look at the money that I earned last month.

Distributive Pronoun

Joined to nouns or pronouns making a complete subject-hike Each is joined to them makes Each of them

Examples

Each, Either, Neither, Each other, One another etc.

Uses of Distributive Pronouns

Neither of them has a car.
Each of the house is painted.
Indefinite Pronoun

It refers to quantity or numbers of some common things- like some people.

Examples

Some, Somebody, Someone, Few, Any, Anybody, Anything, little, Nobody, Both etc.

Uses of Indefinite Pronouns

Please speak few
Nobody is there in the room.
Something is better than nothing.

THE VERB

It expressess action, condition or state. Like “He is, was, and always shall be.”

Transitive Verb

A transitive verb has an object in it.

Examples

He struck the board.
He eats
You play

Intransitive Verb

It does not have an object.

Examples

He struck.
He eats.
You play.
Linking Verb

It joins subject and predicate.

Examples

Time is
God is love.
The bells are

Auxiliary Verb

It helps another verb.

Examples

Is, am, are, shall, will, can, could, may, must, might.

Uses of Auxiliary verb

He has tried scalp massage.
I can hardly lie down.
He has shown his paintings.

Strong or irregular Verb

In it, vowel changes when we make second form of the verb.

Examples

Sing Sang Sung

Drink Drank Drunk

Weak or regular Verbs

Its second form is made by using ed, t or d.

Examples

Talk Talked Talked

Feel Felt Felt

Love Loved Loved

Preposition

A preposition shows the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and some other words in sentences.

Water under the bridge.
Dog in the cage.
Go to

Meaning of Preposition

At railway station, in the sky, on the road. (Place)

Before dawn, After noon, During the night. (Time)

With swords, by Wordsworth, through efforts. (Instrumentality)

With love, by hook or by crook (Manner)

For knowledge, For the sake of knowledge. (Purpose)

Adjective

It tells the quality of a noun or pronoun. Like “Ali has a black cat”

Kinds of Objectives

Common Adjective

It applies to a class of things.

Happy boy,
yellow

Proper Adjective

It applies to one particular member or class.

English literature, American way, Pakistani Culture etc.

Pronominal Adjective

It is a word that is commonly used as a pronoun.

Demonstrative Adjective

This book. These books

Interrogative Adjective

In Which direction does the dog point?

Relative Adjective

Select Which one you like.

Indefinite Adjective

Some day, any stick, every man.

Adverbs

It adds in meaning of adjective, verb or adverb etc.

He speaks bitterly.

Child cries loudly.

Kinds of Adverbs

Simple adverbs

It alters the meaning of a single word in someway.

Adverb of Time

Its about when.

He will come today.
She met me yesterday.

Adverb of place

Its about where.

He has gone there.
Please wait me here.

Adverb of manner
He speaks well.
Player runs slowly.
I participated activel

Adverb of degree

He seems quite
He is very hard working.

Conjunctive Adverb

It acts like conjunction and some times acts like an adverb.

He is poor however he will help us.
He ran fast, consequently he succeeded.
It is holiday therefore I shall go to garden.

Conjunction

It joins words or group of words.

Coordinating conjunction

It joins words or groups that are of the same some or order.

Jack and Jill
Wind or Weather
If we live or if we die
He must die, for men are mortal.

Subordinating conjunction

It joins a subordinate Clause to man clause.

Examples

As, as long as, as soon as, before, when, While.

Uses of Subordinating conjunctions

I whistle while he works.
Hear the cocks crowing before the sun rise.

The Interjection

It expresses some emotions.

Examples

Oh! So! Help! Hell! O dear! Indeed!

Gerund

It is a verb but acts as a noun.

Examples

Reading, Playing, writing, listening.

Listening is more important.
Playing is not a bad thing

Phrases

It is a part of Speech that doesn’t convey complete meanings. Examples The blue-eyed monster. Or The monster with blue eyes. Or The monster That has blue eyes.

Adjective phrase

It has an adjective in it.

In black

Adverbial phrase

Shouted loudly

A verb phrase

It has a verb in it.

Will
I will have
Clauses

It’s a portion of speech that has a subject or object in it.

Main Clause

It’s a portion of speech that has a subject in it

Men and Women,
Owner of the shop.

Subordinate clause

It’s a portion of Speech that has an object in it.

Devil likes angel cake.

Metaphor

It is comparison of two unlike things.

Example

He was a lion in a battle.
He is an iron man.
Faraz is a giant.

Simile

It is comparison of two different things by using As.

As black as coal.
As hard as diamond
As beautiful as rose.

Synonyms

Words	Synonyms
1. End	2. Finish
3. Cry	4. Sob
5. Cold	6. Icy
7. Begin	8. Start
9. Save	10. Keep
11. Hope	12. Wish
13. Choose	14. Pick
15. Hurry	16. Rush
17. Brave	18. Courageous
19. Sad	20. Unhappy
21. Friend	22. Pal
23. Enjoy	24. Like
25. Error	26. Mistake
27. Harm	28. Hurt
29. Large	30. Big
31. Small	32. Little
33. House	34. Home
35. Child	36. Kid
37. Shut	38. Close
39. Ill	40. Sick
41. Look	42. See
43. Alike	44. Similar
45. Make	46. Create
47. Fast	48. Quick
49. Street	50. Road
51. Evil	52. Bad
53. Happy	54. Glad
55. Angry	56. Mad
57. Tired	58. Sleep
59. Help	60. Assist
61. Shout	62. Yell
63. Dirty	64. Filthy
65. Kind	66. Nice
67. Love	68. Adore
69. Blank	70. Empty
71. Broad	72. Wide
73. Center	74. Middle
75. Cunning	76. Clever
77. Dangerous	78. Risky
79. False	80. Untrue
81. Eatable	82. Edible
83. Glad	84. Happy
85. New	86. Modern

Antonyms

Words	Antonyms
1. Absence	Presence
2. Acceptance	Refuse
3. Alive	Dead
4. Always	Never
5. Ancient	Modern
6. Admit	Deny
7. Artificial	Natural
8. Arrival	Departure
9. Ascend	Descend
10. Attack	Defense
11. Attractive	Refuse
12. Asleep	Awake
13. Ally	Enemy
14. Bend	Straighten
15. Beautiful	Ugly
16. Beginning	Ending
17. Below	Above
18. Blunt	Sharp
19. Better	Worse
20. Best	Worst
21. Blame	Praise
22. Bless	Curse
23. Bitter	Sweet
24. Bravery	Cowardice
25. Borrow	Lend
26. Bright	Dull
27. Bold	Timid
28. Clear	Vague
29. Calm	Trouble
30. Capable	Incapable
31. Close	Distant
32. Com fort	Discomfort
33. Common	Rare
34. Cruel	Kind
35. Darkness	Light
36. Keep	Move
37. Revealed	Hide
38. Demand	Supply
39. Appear	Disappear
40. Wrong	Right

This humble effort is dedicated to my friends who have always been a source of courage for me.

Sajjad Ahmed

0302-5691153

sajjadepoint@Yahoo.com

List of Contents

Subjective Type of Paper

1)	Answers To The Questions	2
2)	Translation of Text	12
3)	Summaries	19
4)	Pair of words	26
5)	Urdu to English Translation	32
6)	Direct Indirect Narration	20
7)	Important Essays	29

Objective Type Of Paper

	Uses of verb	37
	Learning spellings	40
	Part speech	41
	Important Definition	48

Answers To The Questions

UNIT 1

HAZRAT MUHAMMAD (PBUH)

AN EMBODIMENT OF JUSTICE

Q1:How can people achieve perfection in the moral, spiritual and social areas of life?

ANS: Hazrat Muhammad’s ﷺ life is a perfect model and example for the people who want to achieve perfection in the moral, spiritual, and social areas of life.

Q2: How did the Holy Prophet ﷺ set a high and noble ideals for all mankind?

ANS: He set the high noble ideals for mankind because

a) He always treated everybody with justice.
b) He (PBUH) liked for others what he liked for himself.

Q3:How were People of Makkha convinced of the Holy Prophet’s ﷺ justice even before his prophet hood?

ANS: People of Makah were convinced of the Holy Prophet’s ﷺ justice because all of his life Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ judged other people’s affair with justice.

Q4:What standards of justice did Holy Prophet ﷺ as head of the state of Madinah?

ANS: As a head of the state of Medina he decided all cases on merit .

Q5:What made non-Muslims bring their suits to the Holy Prophet ﷺ?

ANS: Because,

a) He (PBUH) judged all the cases on merit.
b) He (PBUH) decided cases in accordance with their law.

Q6: How does the Quran describe the personality of Holy Prophet ﷺ?

ANS: Quran says,

“We have indeed in the Messenger of God, a good example (of conduct) for anyone whose hope is in Lord and the final day”.

Q7: Why did Quraish think that the Holy Prophet would favor them?

ANS: Quraish think that Usama Bin Zahid’s request will surely be accepted.

Q8: What advice did the Holy prophet give to Hazrat Ali?

ANS: Holy Prophet advised him “When two men come to you for Judgment, never decide in favorer of one without hearing the argument of other”.

UNIT 2

CHINESE NEW YEAR

Q1: When does Chinese New Year start?

ANS: Chinese New Year may fall between January 21st and February 20th

Q2: Why do Chinese families do thorough cleaning of their houses before New Year’s day?

ANS: They clean the house to clear out the bad luck.

Q3: Which colour is not allowed and which colour is encouraged on Chinese New year?

Why?

ANS: Black is not allowed and red is encouraged.

Q5: What is the significance of New Year’s Eve Dinner?

ANS: It has ritual and customary importance. Friends and relatives come to attend dinner.

Q6: What do the little red envelopes filled with money symbolize?

ANS: These envelopes are filled with money symbolizes wealth and prosperity.

Q7: What is the importance of Chinese New Year for Chinese families?

ANS: It has much importance because it is to give thanks for the year that has passed and

reinvigorate themselves for the coming year.

Q8: Why is Chinese new year never on the same day each year?

ANS: Chinese new year based on the phases of the moon. Lunar month have no fixed dates.

Q9: Why does the dinner consist of eight or nine dishes?

ANS: Because, the word “eight” means prosperity and “nine” means “long lasting”

Q10: In Chinese belief about people having character traits of animals a fact or an opinion?

ANS: It is an opinion not a fact?

UNIT 4

FIRST AID

Q1: You should not keep checking if the bleeding has stopped? Why?

ANS: Because,

a) This may damage the clot.
b) Bleeding may start again.

Q2: Why is it necessary to keep away soap from the wound?

ANS: Because, soap can irritate the wound.

Q3: How is an antibiotic cream or ointment good in healing the wound?

ANS: Because, they can help body’s natural healing process work fast.

Q4: What should you do if you are allergic to adhesive material used in most bandages?

ANS: If you are allergic to the adhesive then use adhesive free bandages like elastic bandages.

Q5: When do you need to see a doctor?

ANS: See the doctor if wound is not healing or you notice redness, pain or swelling.

Q6: What should your first aid kit consist of?

ANS: A kit should have in it ;plaster, bandages, antiseptics, cotton wool, safety pins, scissors, thermometer, analgesic tablets etc.

Q7 : What is the importance of knowledge of “First Aid” in crisis management?

ANS: First aid helps to save lives of people.

UNIT 6

TELEVISION VS NEWSPAPERS

Q1: How is a newspaper more convenient medium of news?

ANS: News paper is more convenient because

Busy people may read the papers anytime, anywhere.
People can leave unwanted news.

Q2: How does a viewer get restricted while watching TV news?

ANS: Viewers get restricted because,

They have certain programs to watch.
They have to follow certain time to watch.

Q3: In what ways viewing news on TV is easier than reading a newspaper?

ANS:

a) We can have most updated news
b) We can enjoy both audio and video.

Q4: How do newspapers give us more in depth coverage?

ANS:

a) We can have time to digest the knowledge in the columns.
b) Reader can give feedback easily.
c) Reader can check validity.

Q5: Why do some people read more than one newspapers?

ANS:

a) To find different viewpoints.
b) To check validity.

Q6: How can readers give feedback to the newspaper articles?

ANS: Readers can give feedback to the articles by writing to the forum pages

Q7: Which medium do you prefer for news? Why?

ANS: I prefer newspaper because I have choice to read a news or leave it.

Q8: What is one good thing about newspaper?

ANS: The one good thing about newspapers is that you can read them at any time and place.

Q 9: How does television make us lazy?

ANS: On television, we can view news with a little or no effort. In this way, television makes us lazy.

UNIT 7

LITTLE BY LITTLE ONE WALKS FAR!

Q1: What are some distinctions of the writer?

ANS: Some distinctions are

a) Quaid-e-Azam Batch in Scouting
b) Winner of Who’s Who Quiz Program
c) Academic Excellence Award

Q2: How has the writer spent his summer vacation?

ANS: He held several summer jobs.

Q3: What has the writer from his summer jobs experiences?

ANS: He gained an understanding of independence and responsibility.

Q4: How are these experiences helpful to him in future?

ANS: These experiences are helpful to him in future because

a) He is mentally and financially prepared.
b) More mature and responsible.